美国城市规划中的社区听证及我们的思考

Community Hearing in American Urban Planning and Our Thought

20世纪60-70年代,美国城市化进程加快。在老城区改造和新社区建设中,规划权被授予给了社区,社区作为自治组织,通过听证会的形式,让社区居民参与到社区基础设施建设、环境保护等环节,不仅有效维护了低收入人群的利益,也很好地平衡了社区建设中各利益群体的权利与义务,为打造舒适、安逸的社区人的社区做出了突出贡献。我国的城镇化进程需要借鉴美国城市规划中社区听证的经验,让政府、公众、开发企业及其他利害关系方在城市规划听证中沟通、了解、妥协,以有效避免因规划不合理导致的社会冲突与矛盾的频发。

In 1960s-70s, the American urbanization accelerated. In its old city transformation and new community building, the planning right was granted to the community. As an autonomous organization, the community, by way of hearings, made community residents participate into the community infrastructure construction, environmental protection and other parts, not only effectively safeguarding the interest of low-income people, but also well balancing the rights and obligations of all groups in community construction, which contributed much to the building of the comfortable and cozy community. For China’s urbanization, we also need to refer to the above experience, letting the government, the public, and the developers as well as other stakeholders communicate, understand and compromise in community planning hearings, to effectively avoid frequent social conlficts or contradictions caused by unreasonable planning.