右美托咪定镇痛作用的研究进展

Advances in the analgesic roles of dexmedetomidine

背景右美托咪定（dexmedetomidine，Dex）是一种新型高选择性α2肾上腺素能受体激动剂，具有镇静、镇痛、抗焦虑及抗交感等作用，因此能明显减少围术期麻醉药用量，有效缓解应激反应，促进血流动力学稳定及降低术后疼痛反应，以至于提高患者围术期的舒适度。目的对有关Dex的论著进行归纳总结，阐述其在镇痛方面的应用进展。内容概述了Dex的镇痛作用机制，并评价其在围术期镇痛、重症监护室（ICU）镇痛及门诊镇痛的临床应用。趋向Dex的镇痛作用机制目前尚未完全研究清楚，但目前其在疼痛方面的应用已日益广泛。

Background Dexmedetomidine （Dex） is a novel and highly selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, anxiolytic and antisympathetie properties. Therefore, it can significantly reduce the requirements of perioperative anesthetics, attenuate stress, improve hemodynamie stability, alleviate postoperative pain and improve perioperative patient comfort. Objective To review and summarize the relevant studies in analgesic use of Dex. Content We briefly elucidated the analgesic mechanisms of Dex and discussed its clinical application in perioperative analgesia, ICU analgesia and outpatient analgesia. Trend The analgesic mechanism of Dex is still unclear, but it has been more and more widely used in pain treatment.