社会主义生态文明建设的理论与实践研究(笔谈)

Research on Theory and Practice of Socialist Ecological Civilization Construction( Conversation by Writing)

主持人语 随着生态危机越来越严重，党和国家对生态文明建设越来越重视，党的十七大首次提出了建设生态文明的目标和任务，党的十八大明确提出“大力推进生态文明建设”，党的十八届三中全会将“加快生态文明制度建设”列入全面深化改革的重要内容。本专题就是围绕着生态文明建设的理论和实践问题展开比较深广的探讨。

The moderator: As the ecological crisis is getting worse,the party and the government pay more and more attention to the construction of ecological civilization: the 17th Party Congress for the first time puts forward the goal and task of building ecological civilization; the 18th Party Congress clearly puts forward ' to vigorously promote the ecological civilization construction '; the Third Plenary Session of the Party's 18th Central Committee adds 'to accelerate the construction of the system of ecological civilization'into an important part of a comprehensive deepening reform. The theoretical and practical issues of the construction of ecological civilization will be broadly and deep discussed in this topic. 'The Theory and Practice of Socialist Construction of Ecological Civilization Symposium'was held from 9th to 10th November 2013 in Haikou. Nearly more than fifty experts and scholars who are from nearly thirty universities and research institutes attended the seminar. The experts had a deep thinking and enthusiastic discussion on the theoretical and practical issues of ecological civilization. These notes are the theoretical summary from some participants who think deeply. They interpret the profound issues about ecological civilization in simple terms from different angles which helps to expand research horizons of ecological civilization. Qin Xuan notes that although environmental protection is an important part of the ecological civilization construction,the construction of ecological civilization is not equal to environmental protection. Construction of ecological civilization is a systematic project,and not only the environmental protection department has the responsibility for it,but also the whole society. Ecological environment is a public product,and can not just rely on the government. We still need the market to play a decisive role in the allocation of resources. Construction of ecological civilization is a long- term process,so we cannot only see it in the short distance. Huan Qingzhi thinks that the theoretical basis or the visual threshold for ecological civilization is related to the overall concept of the theory of environmental humanities and social sciences,the specific dimensions of the theory of the construction of ecological civilization and its main constituent elements; the concept of'socialist ecological civilization'involves the relationship between ecological Marxism and ecological socialism,the Chinese version of'socialist ecological civilization'and its interpretation,and ecological civilization and capitalism. Theoretical studies of socialist ecological civilization of our country should be more systematic and deeper,and practical studies should provide more objective and more serious comparative analysis; and government should quickly provide more authoritative and diverse quantitative evaluation index system. Cai Huajie believes that 'socialism'as the prefix contains a profound meaning,because first it presents a logical contradictions in the wording of 'capitalist ecological civilization '. Within the framework of capitalism, ecological civilization cannot be achieved,because the logic of capitalism and ecological civilization is conflicted. A few developed countries in Europe and America have a higher degree of ecological civilization which is not caused by the capitalist system but by the transfer and restrictions of capitalist anti- ecology; traditional and existing socialist countries with environmental problems in the development process are closely related to the use of capitalist elements,and incomplete regulations or restrictions socialism puts on capitalism. Wang Zengzhi thinks that if the nature of the social system is put aside,from the perspective of solving ecological problems,the real core of ecological civilization is civilization ecology,which is to build a civilized eco-logical relationship,in order to achieve reconciliation between human and nature,or we can say that ecological civilization is ecological manifestation of contemporary social civilization. Its real implication is to overcome the arbitrary capital expansion under the intertwining condition of market economy and industrialization,in order to implement the real meaning of civilized relations between human and nature,and mutual prosperity between people and the natural world. Liu Huachu believes that the first step to the recreation of ecological rationality is to fully understand a few critical dimensions of ecological Marxism,and then establish a new form of civilization: ecological civilization. Ecological Marxism critique possesses multiple dimensions,namely critique of modernity,social critique and historical critique. Ding Kuangyi thinks that from the perspective of Marx,the core and the most fundamental reasons for the critics of ecological issues,in fact,are not those urgent problems,such as environment pollution,resource consumption,or material waste,but the modern production centralism which limits human into the rhythm of uncontrolled production and consumption cycle,and restricts the comprehensive development of human. Thus,the inevitable labor time unlimitedly expands,while free labor time can't open. Ecological civilization's ultimate basis is free time,and it liberates people from the one- sided producers and consumers,and commits to the pursuit of human's comprehensive development and liberation. Qin Shiyan believes that in order to better guide the resolution of the current ecological crisis,we should retrospect the original meanings of subject,object,relationship between subject and object,and subjectivity. We should actively build the concept of 'human nature'dialectical ecological subject. Yu Hu believes that the construction of ecological civilization in the ethnic minority areas like Rocky Mountain Area in northwest Guangxi should pay special attention to the protect and excavate ecological culture of minorities,and reject the detriment of consumption culture.