抽水蓄能机组调速器双微分通道的PID控制算法

A PID Control Algorithm with Dual Differential Channels for Pumped Storage Unit Governors

抽水蓄能机组在低水头下启动运行时,受水泵水轮机"S"形特性的影响,空载工况下机组的单位转速相对较大,很容易进入反水泵工况区,导致不稳定运行。为了提高低水头下抽水蓄能机组的空载运行稳定性,在现有PID调节器的结构上增加了一个微分通道,研究了采用双微分通道的PID调速器控制算法。仿真计算证明,采用双微分通道进行调节,调速器微分环节在较宽的调节范围内都起作用,有效减小了抽水蓄能机组"S"形特性的影响,提高了机组在低水头空载时的稳定性。

Under the no-load condition, the pump-turbine＇s S-shaped characteristics impose a relatively high unit speed on the pumped storage unit which starts under low water head. As a result, the unit can easily fall into the reverse pump condition and thus is not able to operate stably. To improve the no load stability of the pumped storage units under the condition of low head, a differential channel is added to the available PID governors, and a PID governor control algorithm with dual differential channels is studied. The simulation results show that by adopting dual differential channels, the differential block behaves well in a wide regulation range. This new algorithm can obviously reduce the harmful effects yielded by the S-shaped characteristics and enhances the no load stability of pumped storage units when starting under low head.