生物医学道德增强可行吗?

Is Biomedical Moral Enhancement Feasible?

近几年,生物医学道德增强成为西方学界探讨的热点问题。生物医学道德增强是通过药物、基因选择等生物医学技术,增强或削弱人的情感使之具有更好的道德动机,从而提高人的道德行为。尽管科学家运用生物医学技术在调节道德情感方面取得了一定的进展,但由于道德情感难以量化、道德心理的复杂性、道德多元化以及道德增强本身带来的伦理问题都将给道德增强带来严峻的挑战。所以,在不太遥远的未来,生物医学道德增强不可能取代传统的道德培养模式。我们应该充分发挥传统道德培养的优势,重视认知和理性在道德判断中的重要作用,而不是仅仅关注情感的表层调节。

Biomedical moral enhancement has drawn academic attention in the past few years. Through genetic or biological means to strengthen or attenuate the moral dispositions, a person may have morally better motives so as to act morally. Though scientists have done some research in the modulation of emotions, the imprecise modulation of emotions, the complexity of moral psychology, moral pluralism, as well as the ethical problems of moral enhancement itself bring great and severe challenges. Therefore in the medium future, biomedical moral enhancement won＇t take the place of the traditional methods of moral enhancement. We should take advantage of traditional moral education and emphasize cognition and reasoning in moral judgement instead of modulating emotions superficially.