东汉光武帝时期的将军号

The Name of Generals during the Period of Emperor Guangwu(光武帝) in Eastern Han Dynasty

东汉建立之初,统治体系中地位最高的官职即包括同时任命的骠骑大将军等五位"大"将军,与西汉一朝仅有大将军和骠骑大将军(不并置)的制度差别甚大。云台所图三十二位开国功臣中,担任"将军"者十五人,所任将军号多达十四个,不少是新的有具体名号的"大"将军。"中兴二十八将"在建武年间的任职经历,更为全面地反映了光武帝时期将军号设置的具体情况,仅次于大司马吴汉的骠骑大将军景丹、建威大将军耿弇、虎牙大将军盖延、建义大将军朱祐、大将军杜茂等人作为最高级别的将军参与了大量战争的指挥。光武帝时期共设置了近五十个名号的将军,与西汉一代将军号总数相当,其中加"大"者除"大将军"外有九个名号。这是自王莽居摄以来将军名号泛滥的延续,更与东汉建政之初的政治军事形势有关。建武十三年春平定公孙述之后光武帝立即采取了偃武修文、屏退功臣的重大举措,各类大将军及将军名号大多被罢免,其后光武帝朝十余年仅见很少几个将军号,骠骑(大)将军在朝行大司马,伏波将军马援等受命平定南方沿海越人叛乱,战事一结束即被废罢。

The highest official rank in the regime covered five major generals including general Piaoqi （骠骑） in early Eastern Han Dynasty. There are some differences in the institution between Western and Eastern Han Dynasty. Among the 32 founding heroes whose pictures on Yuntai （云台 ） of southern palace, there are 15 generals covering 14 name of general. The service experiences of 28 major generals during years of Jianwu （建武） reflects the setting up of general＇s name. Jinzdan （景丹.general Piaoai）. Gengyan （耿弇, zeneral Jianwei）, Gaiyan （盖延 general Huya）, Zhuyou （朱祐, general had directed a lot of military operations. There are nearly 50 names Jianyi） and major general Dumao （杜茂） of general during period of Emperor Guangwu （光武帝） amounting to the sum of that of Western Hart Dynasty, which is the continuation of overflow of general＇s name since Wang mang （王莽） took office and also relates to the political and military situation of early Eastern Han. Both the number and name of generals decreased since the thirteenth year of Jianwu.