明末清初王学修正派社会政治思想述要

The Social and Political Thought of the Revisionists of Wang Yangming's theory in Late Ming and Early Qing Dynasties

以刘宗周为代表的王学修正派的思想一直没有得到后人应有的重视,然而他们在思想史上承前启后的作用是不容忽视的。他们将"心"的弘忍根依于"理"的明净,摆脱了陆王派徒恃一心的傲慢,也克服了程朱派据理凌人的偏执,将扎实的日常功夫维系于对明净本体的坚守,为浮荡已久的世道人心重奠根基。同时,通过对天理的去魅将君主由天上拉到地下,使之由超然在上的天意代表还原为担负着沉重现实使命的文化符号,为对其权力合法性的质疑从内部、从正面打开了缺口。他们以保守的姿态应对现实的困境,宣布了一个传统的谢幕,也预示了一个时代的开始。

The thought of the revisionists of Wang Yangming＇s （王阳明） theory who was represented by Liu Zongzhou （刘宗周） has not got a due attention as it should till now, their function of serving as a link between past and future should not be ignored. They got rid of the absolute emphasis on mind to which the school of Lu Jiuyuan （陆九渊） and Wang Yangming sticked, and overcame the merely focus on reason in which the school of Cheng Yi （程颐） and Zhu Xi （朱熹） were trapped. Through holding together a strong daily self cultivation with sticking to the pure reality, they set a solid foundation for the will of the people. They queried the legitimacy of the power of monarch, and made him a merely culture symbol who bore a heavy real mission. The revisionists dealt with the dilemma of the social reality in a conservative posture, which indicated the end of a tradition and the beginning of a new era.