五味子苦味物质组成及其生物活性研究

Composition and Biological Activity of Bitter Substance of Schisandra chinensis

目的:分析五味子苦味物质组成及其生物活性。方法:采用有机溶剂提取,柱色谱分离的方法制备五味子苦味物质,以HPLC对其进行定性定量分析并观察苦味物质的生物活性。结果:苦味物质主要含有木脂素类成分,五味子醇甲等6种木脂素总量约为42.5%。苦味物质高剂量组能对小鼠自主活动有明显抑制作用(P<0.05);高、低剂量组均能显著延长戊巴比妥钠小鼠的睡眠时间(P<0.001);苦味物质对小鼠负重游泳时间无明显影响,但可以延长其耐常压缺氧时间(P<0.05);苦味物质高、低剂量组均能降低高血脂大鼠的总胆固醇(TC)含量(P<0.01),升高低密度脂蛋白(LDL)和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)的含量,且高剂量组作用强于低剂量组。结论:五味子苦味物质是其镇静、催眠、抗缺氧及降血脂作用的物质基础。

Objective：Reveal the composition of bitter substance and its biological activity of Schisandra chinensis.Method：Using organic solvent extraction and silica gel separation to prepare bitter substances from Schisandra chinensis,HPLC were applied for qualitative and quantitative analysis.Meanwhile,observed the biological activity of bitter substance.Result：The bitterness substances mainly contains lignans,the total amount of six lignans were approximately 42.5％.The bitterness substances in high dose group had significant inhibitory effect on the spontaneous activity of mice （P ＜ 0.05） and also could significantly prolong the sleeping time of mice with pentobarbital sodium （P ＜0.001） ; and there has no obvious effect on the swimming time of mice,but can prolong the normobaric hypoxia tolerance time （P ＜ 0.05） ; high and low groups bitter substance can reduce total cholesterol in hyperlipidemic rats （TC） （P ＜ 0.01）,elevated low density lipoprotein （LDL） and high density lipoprotein （HDL） content,and high dose group was stronger than the low dose group.Conclusion：Bitter substance of S.chinensis is the Pharmacodynamic substance with sedative,hypnotic,antihypoxia and hypolipidemic effect.