英国高校三明治课程的发展及评述

On the Development and Review of Sandwich Courses in Higher Education in UK

三明治课程是包含一年工作实习的本科学习方式,旨在促进理论和实践的融合;根据实习与学术学习的关系,三明治课程可以分为在实习中学术学习、实习是学术学习的资源、把学术课程应用于实习之中和学生核心技能培养四类;三明治课程实施时,对专业教师职责、整体课程的设计、实习场地的选择以及学校、企业和学生的职责等方面均有明确的规定。本文对三明治课程正面价值、负面价值的调研做了评论,从如何防止学生成为廉价劳动力、如何保护中小型企业的利益和如何保障实习企业利益等三个方面对三明治课程进行了分析和思考。

Sandwich course is a four-year undergraduate course including a one-year internship for students in order to combine theory with practice. According to the relationship between the work practice and theory study, there are four types of courses, namely, academic work during internship, internship as a source of academic study, using internship experience in the following academic period and students＇ key skills training. At Loughborough University, the important factors about the sandwich course, such as professional development tutors, overall curriculum design, choices of internship sites, salary, health and safety, are all stated explicitly or in detail. Finally, the author makes comments on the pros and cons of sandwich course about how to avoid students becoming cheap labor forces, how to protect the small and medium-sized enterprises＇ benefits, and how to ensure the benefit of work places.