确证理论的实验研究:特鲁特普案例

Experimental Studies in Theory of Justification:Truetemp Cases

认知确证的内在主义与外在主义之争是当代知识论中最重要的争论之一。内在主义者借特鲁特普案例的思想实验来反驳外在主义的可靠主义,被普遍看作是对外在主义确证理论的一个深刻而又重大的挑战。实验哲学的奠基之作《规范性与认知直觉》通过问卷调查对特鲁特普案例的思想实验提出了质疑,认为普遍大众对特鲁特普案例的直觉是不稳定的,并进而质疑认知直觉在哲学论证的合适性。我们以中国大学生为受试者,对特鲁特普案例进行问卷调查,通过分析,我们主张:普遍大众的直觉是稳定的;内在主义的确证理论比外在主义的确证理论更合理。

The argument of the internalism and the externalism of cognitive justification is one of the most important debates in the contemporary epistemology.The Internalists used Truetemp cases in thought experiments to refute the reliablism which is the mainstream of externalism,and the refution was widely regarded as a profound and significant of challenge to the extemalism.The paper Normativity and Epistemic Intuitions,which is the foundation of experimental philosophy,challenges Truetemp cases in thought experiments through questionnaire,and concludes that the folks' intuition on Truetemp cases is instable,and so questions the suitability of cognitive intuition in philosophical arguments.Taking Chinese undergraduates as subjects and questionnaire them with Truetemp cases,we consider that the folks' intuitions of Truetemp cases are stable,and the internalism of cognitive justification is more reasonable than the externalism.