小儿腹泻与轮状病毒感染调查分析

An Investigation and Analysis of Rotavirus Infection in Infantile Diarrhea

目的了解婴幼儿腹泻与轮状病毒感染的季节性及年龄段分布特点。方法2012年1～12月儿科门诊及住院1539例0～5岁腹泻患儿的新鲜粪便标本，采用A群轮状病毒诊断试剂盒检测标本中的A群轮状病毒抗原。结果1539份标本中轮状病毒检测阳性356例，阳性率为23．13％；12个月中11月份检出率最高，为45．87％，其次为12月份，为33．73％；高发年龄段为6月龄一1岁，检出率高达39．07％；男性患儿检出率为21．90％，女性患儿检出率为24．33％，两者无显著性差异（X^2=1．142，P〉0．05）。结论A群轮状病毒是引起小儿腹泻的主要病原体之一，高发季节为秋冬季，临床医生应重视对腹泻小儿的粪便轮状病毒检测，以便为临床早期诊断和治疗提供依据。

Objective To study the seasonal, age features of rotavirus infection in diarrhea infants. Methods Total ly 1539 stool specimens were collected from the children aged from 0 - 5 years with diarrhea. Group A rotavirus antigen was detected by group A rotavirus diagnostic kit. Results Rotavirus antigen was detected in 356 out of 1539 specimens, with a positive rate of 23. 13% ; November was the peak season, with a positive rate of 45.87%, then followed by De cember, with a positive rate of 33.73% ;The susceptible age was from 6 months to 1 years old, the positive rate of which was 39.07% ; The rotavirus positive rate in males was 21.90% and 24. 33% in females （X^2 = 1. 142, P 〉0. 05）. Con clusions Rotavirus is one of the main pathogens which cause the infant diarrhea, the diarrhea caused by the group A ro tavirus in infants and young children mainly occurs in autumn and winter, attention should be paid to the detection of pathogen for diarrhea infants to provide the basis for the clinical diagnosis and symptomatic therapy.