4种菊酯类杀虫剂对亚洲小车蝗的毒力和对ATPase活性的抑制

Toxicities of four pyrethroids and their inhibition to ATPase in Oedaleus asiaticus

化学防治是草原蝗虫防治的主要应急措施,亚洲小车蝗是内蒙古草原的优势种.采用点滴法测定了4种菊酯类杀虫剂联苯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯和甲氰菊酯对亚洲小车蝗3龄蝗蝻的毒力.结果表明,联苯菊酯对亚洲小车蝗3龄蝗蝻的毒力最强,LD50值为0.004 8 μg/头,高效氯氟氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和甲氰菊酯的LD50值分别为：0.022 7、0.012 2和0.005 1 μg/头.同时明确了4种菊酯类杀虫剂对亚洲小车蝗3龄蝗蝻离体AT-Pase活性都有一定程度的抑制作用.当药剂浓度为1×10-4 mol/L时,高效氯氟氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯和甲氰菊酯对Na＋-K＋-ATPase的抑制分别为：57.62％、55.34％、45.70％和20.94％,对Ca2＋-Mg2＋-AT-Pase的抑制分别为：58.30％、58.05％、41.80％和19.35％.在浓度范围为1×10-4～1×10-8 mol/L,4种杀虫剂对亚洲小车蝗ATPase活性的抑制存在明显的剂量-效应关系.

The toxicities of four pyrethroid insecticides to third-instar larvae of Oedaleus asiaticus B. -Bienko were measured through the micro-topical application technique. The results showed that the larvae were most sensitive to bifenthrin among the four insecticides tested, and its LD50 was 0. 004 8 μg/larva. The LD50 values of lambda- cyhalothrin, beta-cypermethrin and fenpropathrin were 0. 022 7 μg/larva, 0. 012 2 μg/larva and 0. 005 1 μg/lar- va, respectively. It was showed that the four pyrethroids tested could inhibit the activity of ATPase in the larvae. When the final concentration of pyrethroids was 1 × 10 ^-4 mol/L, the percentages of inhibition to Na＋--K＋-AT- Pase by the four pyrethroids insecticides were 57.62% （lambda-cyhalothrin）, 55.34% （beta-cypermethrin）, 45.70% （bifenthrin） and 20.94% （fenpropathrin）, respectively, and the percentages of inhibition to Ca2＋- Mg2＋-ATPase were 58.30% （lambda-cyhalothrin）, 58.05% （beta-cypermethrin）, 41.80% （bifenthrin） and 19.35% （fenpropathrin）, respectively. The inhibition to ATPase activity by the four pyrethroids was increased with the increasing of pyrethroid concentration from 1 × 10^-4 to 1 × 10^-8 mol/L.