鸡冠花褐斑病病原菌的生物学特性研究

Biological characteristics of the pathogenic fungus of brown spot of cockscomb

鸡冠花(Celosia cristata Linn.)是一种广泛种植的观赏和药用花卉。鸡冠花褐斑病是危害鸡冠花生产的主要病害,本研究对分离自河南北部地区花圃的鸡冠花褐斑病病原菌硫色镰孢菌(Fusarium sulphureum)进行了鉴定和生物学特性研究。菌落在添加了鸡冠花叶片汁液的燕麦粉琼脂培养基上生长较好,生长最适温度为25℃。病原菌分生孢子萌发最适温度为20℃;酸性环境最有利于分生孢子萌发。分生孢子在5%蔗糖溶液中的萌发率与在5%葡萄糖溶液中相近且均高于清水和蒸馏水中的萌发率,光照条件对其萌发影响不大。

Celosia cristata is a widely cultivated ornamental and medicinal flower. Brown spot of cockscomb is one of the main diseases of cockscomb. In this study, the pathogenic fungus of brown spot of cockscomb from north- ern Henan Province, Fusarium sulphureum, was identified and its biological characteristics were determined. The clones of the pathogens grew better on the oatmeal agar medium added with leaf juice, and the optimum tempera- ture was 25 ℃. The rate of spore germination was highest at 20 ℃ in acid environment. The rate of conidial ger- mination in 5% sucrose solution was close to that in 5% glucose solution, and both rates were higher than those in tap water and distilled water, and the lighting had no effect on conidial germination.