基于博弈论的隧道施工环境可拓评价模型研究

Improved extenics model of evaluating tunnel construction environment based on the game theory

为了准确评估隧道施工过程中环境质量对人的影响，在分析隧道施工环境质量影响因素的基础上，选取粉尘质量浓度、CO质量浓度、环境噪声、环境震动、热环境和光环境6项指标，建立了隧道施工环境质量评价指标体系，运用博弈论将主观赋权法（层次分析法）和客观赋权法（简单关联函数法）相融合，结合可拓学理论，构建了隧道施工环境可拓评估模型。结合浙江省奉化市石郎山隧道段右线vkl＋430～yk2＋280区间内4道不同施工工序实测数据，应用该模型评价了隧道施工环境。结果表明，构建的模型能够综合反映各指标信息，将独立的单指标环境质量分析上升为系统化的综合环境评估，模型能更客观地反映施工环境状况。

The paper is inclined to present an improved extenics model for evaluating the tunnel construction environment based on the game theory. As a new principle, the extenics is an advanced theory taking it as a target to solve contradictory problems while exploring the extensive possibilities of subjects, rules and methods for applica- tion in a formalized manner. For example, in order to accurately as- sess the impact of the environmental quality on the tunnel construc- tion, it is necessary to choose the six evaluation indexes, that is, the dust concentration, the CO concentration, the environmental noise, the environment vibration, the heat environment and the light envi- ronment as the key evaluation indexes, the analysis of which may help to clarify the influential factors of the environmental quality in the tunnel construction. Therefore, we have established an evaluation index system of environmental quality for the tunnel construction. As a matter of fact, in the process of judging the index weights, it is in- evitable for the results of weights to be influenced by the subjective factors of the decision-makers. This comes to the need to resort to the objective weighing method, for it should never ignore the importance of the objective factors. And, what is said above accounts for the necessity for us to introduce the game theory into our method for the comprehensive weighing, in which we have integrated the subjective weighing method （analytic hierarchy process） and the objective weighing method （simple correlation function method） into a compre- hensive system. Based on the data measured during the four different construction processes of the right line of Shi｜angshan Tunnel, Fenghua City, Zhejiang, from ykl ＋ 430 to yk2 ＋ 280, we have ap- plied this model to evaluating the tunnel construction environment via the following evaluation procedures. First of all, to make the different evaluation indexes comparable and convenient for scientific induction, we have rectified and normalized the different levels of indexes and data to be processed. Then, all the comprehensive index weights should be calculated based on the i＇ules of the game theory, with the associated values of evaluation indexes at each level accounted. And, finally, we have figured out the relational degrees so as to determine the environmental quality levels and the deviation degrees. The re- suits of application of our method show that the extenics evaluation model can reflect all the indicating factors, which can be independent of the environmental quality system for the systematic environmental assessment. Thus, the model can reflect the status quo of the con- struction environment more comprehensively and objectively.