充气压力容器高速撞击实验研究

Experimental Investigation of High Velocity Impacts on Gas Filled Pressure Vessels

为了确定高速撞击条件下压力容器发生具有撕裂的简单穿孔和裂纹失稳扩展的界限 ,实验采用长径比为 0 56的铝柱状弹丸在约 1 7km/s的速度下正撞击铝罐。大部分实验采用的是未防护的铝罐 ,铝罐的压力从 0～ 0 4MPa变化来探索获得不同损伤形式的压力条件。给出了铝罐前、后壁从穿孔到裂纹失稳扩展的实验结果。防护铝罐的主要损伤是其前壁的裂纹失稳扩展。确定了发生裂纹失稳扩展的临界压力 ,并对发生裂纹失稳扩展的临界尺寸进行了分析。

All spacecraft in orbit are suscep tible to high velocity impact by space debris.Pressure vessels are the most crit ical components onboard spacecraft.Impacts of meteoroids or debris on pressure v essels can indeed lead to the bursting failure of the vessels and terminate prem aturely spacecraft missions.The aim of this work is to determine experimentally the limit between simple perforation and bursting damage of pressure vessels und er high velocity impacts.Test articles are inexpensive aluminium drink cans.High velocity impact tests have been performed on aluminium cans at an approximately i mpact velocity(1.7 km/s)with aluminium cylinder projectiles(length/diameter ratio 0.56),at a normal angle,for most cases on unshielded cans.Pressure in the can s was varied to explore the conditions under which different damage could be obta ined.Results presented range from simple perforation with crack to bursting at t he front and back wall.The critical pressure of can bursting damage under the te st condition was obtained.The main thread of shielding can is the front wall bur sting damage.Finally,the critical crack length of bursting damage was analyzed.