冠心病患者舒适护理的现象学研究

Phenomenological research of comfort care in patients with coronary heart disease

目的:了解冠心病患者的真实经历,探索舒适护理对其生理、心理、社会、灵性四方面的影响。方法:采用现象学研究方法,对16名冠心病患者进行半开放式的访谈,并进行分析。结果:生理体验:饮食习惯改变的不适应及规律饮食带来的舒适感,白日过度嗜睡和频繁醒转所致失眠的改善,卧床排泄的不习惯与帮助解决问题方法的满意,介入治疗后活动耐力的提高,对疼痛的无奈与对医护人员的信赖,良好的病室环境感觉舒适;心理体验:患病后有自尊受损、抑郁、悲观、恐惧,自我认知与调整,舒适护理对心理的帮助;社会体验:对关爱的感动,对忽略的无奈,经济方面的压力,获得知识的途径多样;灵性体验:相信科学,忠于信仰。结论:通过对冠心病患者住院期间舒适护理体验的调查,使其在疾病治疗康复过程中达到生理、心理、社会、灵性的舒适状态。

Objective： To understand the true experience of coronary heart disease and explore the effect of comfortable nursing to their physical, psychological, social, spiritual aspects. Methods： A phenomenological research method of qualitative study was adopted, and semi-open interviews were performed in 16 patients with coronary artery disease. Results： Physiological experience： discomfort with changes in eating habits and comfort with regular diet, improvement of insomnia caused by excessive daytime sleep and frequent awoke, discomfort with excretion in bed, improvement of activity tolerance after interventional therapy, pain of helplessness and the trust of the medical staffs, comfortable feeling with good ward environment; psychological experience： illness brings damaged self-esteem, depression, pessimism, fear, self-awareness and adjustment, which can be relieved in comfort nursing; social experience： moved by caring, helpless feeling when neglected, economic pressures, and diverse ways of acquiring knowledge; spiritual experience： believe in science, still faithful. Conclusion： This survey shows its effect in attaining comfortable state in the course of treatment and rehabilitation, including physical, psychological, social, and spiritual aspects.