从冲突中寻求和谐:对沃尔泽共同体观念的阐释与批判

Pursue Harmonies from Conflict:Michael Walzer's Concepts of Community

沃尔泽对自由主义传统的"社群主义修正"受到广泛关注。沃尔泽试图通过"深层理解"寻求一致的公共价值计划,并寻求在文化多元主义社会中实现充分的民主参与。这两种诉求之间存在着张力,这种张力伴随着他处理共同体中的差异、权力和成员身份问题的方式而日益明显。沃尔泽将宗教传统作为公共话语中道德权威的潜在承载者,他对自由主义和社群主义进行了颇具吸引力的结合,但在这种结合中出现了一种分离,它将包括宗教传统在内的公共传统带入了冲突之中。

Michael Walzer＇s ＂communitarian correction＂ of liberal tradition has received wide notice. This essay highlights the tension in his work between a coherent communal value scheme of ＂deep understanding＂ and the requirements for full participation in a democratic and diverse society. These tensions are developed through a focus on the ways in which Walzer handles difference, power and membership. Walzer has highlighted religious traditions as potential bearers of moral authority in public discourse. I conclude that his appealing blend of liberalism and communitarianism has a way of separating at the points where communal traditions, including religious traditions, come into conflict.