土地征收中的程序正义:台湾地区的经验与启示

Procedural Justice in Land Expropriation:Experience and Enlightenment from Taiwan

台湾地区的土地征收制度吸收和体现了贝勒斯有关程序正义的理论,在长期的土地征收实践中形成了需用地人、土地所有权人和地政机关三方有序分工、互相制约、协调配合的程序制度,较好地彰显了程序正义。在这种制度安排下,征收决定机关的独立判断者角色得到较好地保持;土地所有权人的知情权得到较好地满足,有比较充分的商谈和听证机会;需用地人的利益得到比较全面的保障。这对我国大陆土地征收制度的完善具有积极的借鉴意义:完善告知公告程序设置是保障被征收人的知情权的客观需要,完善听证和商谈程序设置是保障被征收人参与权的基本途径,完善土地征收的监督程序设置是保障行政机关严格依法行政的现实必要。

The practice of land expropriation system in Taiwan absorbs and embodies the theory of procedural justice related to Michael Bayless, and forms the procedural system with ordered division of labor, interactive restriction and coordination among the land applicants, the landowner and the land administrator, which better demonstrates the procedural justice. In the system, the role of the independent administrator of land expropriation departments is better maintained, the informed right of the landown- er is better satisfied, there is sufficient negotiation and hearing opportunity, and the interests of the land applicants is overall en- sured, which is of active reference significance to the perfection of land expropriation system in China's Mainland. The offering of perfection information post procedure is the objective demand to ensure the rights of the persons whose land is expropriated, the perfection of hearing procedure and the offering of negotiation procedure are the basic right to ensure participation of the persons whose land is expropriated, and the perfection of monitoring procedural offering for land expropriation is the real necessity for ad- ministrative departments to strictly enforce the laws.