泰勒斯与西方哲学思维特质的奠定

Thales and the Establishment of Thinking Character of Western Philosophy

泰勒斯的哲学命题"水是世界的本原"不仅向前承袭了古希腊神话对创世的好奇,而且向后预示着西方哲学思维的基本特质:以本体论(有关终极实在的理论)为基本内容,将其和理性原则捆绑在一起。"水"的提出标志着人类"世界观"从神学视角转到自然主义视角,从"神话"形态进到"哲学"形态。而"本原"的提出标志着哲学追求统一性的起点,对最真实存在的信念。"本原"从此成为西方哲学的第一范畴,其内含的"一""多"关系的纠缠成为西方哲学家们的永恒追寻。古希腊人选择了对"一"的信念,选择了走"真理之路",也就延宕出西方哲学逻辑思辨的总特点,传承上千年的理性主义传统。

Thales＇ philosophical proposition, where ＂the originality （arche） of the world is water＂, not only follows the traditional curiosity about the creation of the ancient Greek mythology, but also indicates the basic characters of the Western philosophy, regarding the ontology as the basic content, the theory related to ultimate reality, and tying to the principle of reason. The proposition of Water signifies the transfer of human＇ s world view from theological angle of view to naturalism, from theology to philosophy, however, the proposition of arche marks the beginning of philosophers＇ pursuit of the identity and the belief in the re- alest being. Since then, arche became the tirst category of the western philosophy. The relation of One and multiplicity it contains becomes the perpetual pursuit for the western philosophy. The ancient Greek chose the belief in One and the road to the truth, which brings about the general character of the western philosophy ： logic speculative and the rationalist tradition lasting thousands of years.