生物炭施用量对烟叶生长、产量和品质的影响

Effect of Biochar Application Amount on Growth, Yield and Quality of Tobacco

为探讨施用生物炭对烟草的影响,以不施用生物炭处理作为对照(CK),设置1 125、1 575、2 025、2 475kg/hm2 4个生物炭施用量,研究了生物炭施用量对烟株干质量、烟叶产量和品质的影响。结果表明:生物炭对豫中许昌地区烟叶生长的影响表现为前期抑制、旺长期后促进的作用;随生物炭施用量的增加,烤后烟叶的产量和产值逐渐提高,2 475kg/hm2处理的产量和产值分别较CK提高12.80%、13.54%;上等烟和中上等烟的比例先升高后降低。烟叶品质随着生物炭施用量的增加呈先上升后下降的趋势,1 575kg/hm2处理的烤烟评吸得分最高(79.5),品质最好。可见,施用生物炭可以促进烟叶生长和产量的提高,并且随着生物炭施用量的增加,烟株干质量和产量总体表现为增加,但当生物炭施用量达到一定量(2 025kg/hm2)时,烟叶的品质开始下降。

To investigate effect of applying biochar on tobacco, with no application of biochar as control, four biochar application amounts, 1 125,1 575,2 025,2 475 kg/ha, were set up, to study the effect of biochar on plant dry weight, tobacco production and chemical quality. The results showed that the impact of biochar on the growth of Xuchang tobacco represented suppression in early stage and promotion after vigorous growing period. With the increase of biochar application amount,the yield and value of roasted tobacco increased gradually, increasing by 12. 80% and 13.54% respectively for the treatment of 2 475 kg/ha compared to CK. The proportion of uppermiddle-tobacco and upper-tobacco first increased and then decreased. The quality of tobacco first increased and then decreased with the increase of the amount of biochar application,and the tobac-co score of the＇treatment of 1 575 kg/ha was the highest,reaching 79.5 and had the best quality. In a word,biochar application can promote leaf growth and yield increase, and with the increase of biochar application rate,tobacco dry matter weight and yield both increase,however,when biochar application rate reaches a certain amount （2 025 kg/ha）, the quality of tobacco leaves begins to fall.