澳葡与中国南北政府的周旋——围绕澳门北部填海之中葡交涉的考察

Dealing with Southern and Northern Chinese Governments: Negotiations between China and Portugal during the Reclamation at the Northern Part of Macao

近代澳门城市化发展颇受中葡两国关系的影响。自鸦片战争至19世纪末,澳葡政府对澳门北部华人村落田地的开发速度缓慢。20世纪初,中葡两国共和鼎建,澳葡政府开展兴建大型人工港口的蓝图工程,北部填海是其重要组成部分。然而,北部填海工程招徕中国政府的抗议,从而引发了一场持续六年的中葡谈判。在这场中葡纠纷中,澳督及葡萄牙外交大使采取极其灵活的外交手腕,并利用当时中国南北分裂的局面,在北京政府外交部和广东军政府外交部之间迂回周旋,妥善解决了填海外交问题,使北部填海工程顺利进行,大片填海地逐渐发展为工业、住宅和娱乐功能齐备的城市化区域。

The relationship between China and Portugal had affected urbanization of Modern Macao. Since the Opium War to the end of the nineteenth century,Chinese villages and land at the northern part of Macao were developed slowly by the Portuguese Macao Government. At early twentieth century,Portuguese Macao Government carried out a blueprint to build a large artificial harbor,and reclamation at the northern part was an important component. However,its reclamation attracted protest from Chinese government and led to a six-year-negotiation between China and Portugal. During the negotiations,governors of Macao and Portuguese foreign ambassadors took extremely flexible diplomacy to solve the problem by using the situation of North-South division,and such diplomacy helped the reclamation at northern part to be carried out smoothly.