考虑静气弹特性的风力机叶片优化设计

Optimization design of wind turbine blade with static aeroelastic effect

风力机叶片在运行状态下受到气动弹性影响产生弯曲和扭转变形,弯曲使叶片产生一定挠度减小了叶素到旋转中心距离,扭转使叶片产生附加扭角.根据叶素动量理论和梁理论对叶片进行初步设计,以叶片输出功率和叶尖偏移量为约束,叶片弦长、扭角、铺层厚度为变量,叶片重量为目标,考虑静气弹特性对叶片的影响,采用遗传算法进行气动结构一体化优化设计.通过计算,预加应力优化设计所得结果更加合理,静气弹特性在一定程度上能提高叶片气动性能.

The bending and twisting deformation was produced in wind turbine blades on running conditions due to aeroelastic effect.The bending deflection decreases the distance from blade element to the center of rotation,and the twisting deflection provides additional twist.The wind turbine blade based on blade element momentum （BEM） theory and beam theory was designed.Set the blade chord length,torsion angle and layer thickness to variables,output power and the deflection of blade tip to restrain,the blade weight to object,the generation algorithm used to optimize the integrated design involved the aeroelastic effect.The results show that the optimal design of prestress can get a more reasonable result,and aeroelastic effect can improve the aerodynamic performance of blade to some extent.