纳米铜粉在撞击流反应器中以次磷酸钠为还原剂的制备

Preparation of nano copper powders using sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent in submerged circular impinging stream reactor

运用具有良好微观混合性质的新型反应装置——浸没循环撞击流反应器,采用液相化学还原法,以次磷酸钠作为还原剂,硫酸铜为原料,聚乙烯毗咯烷酮为分散剂,进行了制备纳米铜粉的工艺研究.探讨溶液浓度、反应物料摩尔比、反应温度、反应pH值对产品收率的影响,确定较佳工艺条件为:硫酸铜浓度为0.2 mol/L,次磷酸钠与铜摩尔比为3∶1,反应温度为70℃,反应溶液pH值为1.5,反应时间30 min.采用透射电镜和X射线衍射仪对实验制备的纳米铜粉进行了表征,铜粉呈近似球形,粒径约为10 nm,且纯度很高.其研究结果显示:浸没循环撞击流反应器对制备纳米粉体具有极大优势.

Using cupric sulphate as raw material,sodium hypophosphite as reducing agent,and PVP as dispersing agent,nano copper powders were prepared by chemical reduction method in a submerged circular impinging stream reactor which is a new type reaction device with good micromixing properties.The effects of relevant factors such as solution,reactant mole ratio,reaction temperature and the solution pH value on the yield of the product were investigated.The optimum conditions are cupric sulphate concentration of 0.2 mol/L,the sodium hypophosphite to copper molar ratio of 3∶ 1,reaction temperature of 70 ℃,the solution pH value of 1.5,and the reaction time of 30 min.The copper powders prepared in this study were characterized by transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction.It was found that the nano copper powders are of nearly spherical shape,the particle sizes are around 10 nm and the samples prepared have high purity.The results also indicate that it has a great advantage to prepare nano copper powders in the submerged circular impinging stream reactor.