多元改性酚醛树脂/玄武岩纤维复合材料的制备与性能

Preparation and properties of modified phenolic resin/basalt fiber composite materials

选用纳米二氧化硅分散液、硼酸、有机硅防水剂、七钼酸铵/季戊四醇复合阻燃剂分别对一种水溶性酚醛树脂进行改性,利用所制备的改性酚醛树脂进一步与玄武岩纤维针刺毡复合,再通过干燥、固化、定型等工艺制备复合板材,并用傅里叶红外光谱仪和示差扫描量热仪分析其结构与固化性能.结果表明,酚醛树脂与各个改性剂结合较好,改性树脂中耐高温结构增多,耐热性能得到改善.将各个改性剂进行复配、优化后提出了最佳配方,使用该配方制备的改性酚醛树脂/玄武岩纤维复合板材具有较好的机械强度与疏水性能,防火性能达到GB8624-2006的A1级标准,与同类产品综合比较优势明显,且该板材在生产加工过程中可以同步实现树脂改性与板材成型,在建筑外墙防火保温领域具有发展潜力.

The modified phenolic resins were prepared by the modification of silica nanoparticles,organosilicon waterproofing agent,boric acid and hexaammonium molybdate/pentaerythrite respectively.These modified phenolic resins were further used to blend with basalt fiber needle felt to make composite boards after the drying,curing,molding process.Their structures and curing performances of modified phenolic resins were also measured by fourier infrared spectrum and differential scanning calorimetry.The experimental data show that these modified phenolic resins possess good performances,enhanced curing temperatures and good synergy; meanwhile,these composite boards have good mechanical strengths and hydrophobic properties and reach the A1 standard of GB 8624-2006.Because of the modification and shaping could be achieved in the production process simultaneously,the composite boards show the potential development in the field of flame resistance and insulation for exterior wall of the tall buildings.