交通标志对制动操作认知模型的影响

Effect of Traffic Signs on the Cognitive Model of Braking Operation

为了揭示交通标志诱发驾驶员弯道前制动操作的过程,根据认知学原理建立了驾驶员认知模型,并采用模拟驾驶的实验方法,分析了在不同条件下驾驶员第1刹车点位置与交通标志的关系.实验结果表明:当交通标志设置远离弯道入口时,制动操作直接受到交通标志影响;当设置位置距弯道入口较近时,交通标志对制动操作的作用将被弯道轮廓线所代替.另外,结果显示该过程还受到驾驶员内在记忆系统及外部环境的影响.实验结果验证了模型的有效性及相关影响规律,并且结合认知模型可以得到交通标志诱发驾驶员制动操作源于交通信息对于制动决策需求的满足.

The authors revealed the traffic signs to induce the drivers＇ braking operation on curves. According to the cognitive theory, a driver＇s cognitive model was established. A simulator experiment was employed to analyze the relationship between the drivers＇ first braking point and the traffic sign under different conditions. The experimental results show that when the traffic sign is set away from the curve entrance, the braking operation is directly affected by traffic signs; when it is set near to the curve entrance, then such effect will be instead by the curve outline. In addition, the results also show that this process is also influenced by the internal memory system of the driver and the external environment. The experimental results verify the effective validity of the model and the related impact. With the combination of cognitive model, it could be indicated that the driver＇s braking operation is induced by the traffic information which meet the demand for brake decisions.