青海湖地区严重退化草地人工群落组分配置技术初探

A preliminary study on allocate skills of artificial community for the severely degraded grassland in the Qinghai Lake region

为了最大限度提高人工草地的地上生物量,并延长草地的使用寿命,试验采用6种多年生禾本科牧草的20种不同处理进行了人工草地群落优化配置研究。结果表明:建植第2年,无论是从越冬率、盖度还是地上生物量来看,两组分混播的垂穗披碱草+星星草,三组分混播的垂穗披碱草+星星草+草地早熟禾和垂穗披碱草+星星草+冷地早熟禾,以及四组分混播的垂穗披碱草+星星草+草地早熟禾+冷地早熟禾都能较好地适应青海湖严重退化的环境。说明不同高、矮禾草的合理配置可有效地优化人工植被的群落结构,遏制单一种建植的快速退化现象,几种多年生禾本科牧草的合理混播配置可能是严重退化草地进行人工建植恢复的关键技术,是一项快速稳定恢复严重退化草地植被的重要措施。

To increase the maximum limit of aboveground biomass in artificial grassland, and prolong the service life of the grassland. The re- search for an optimal allocation of artificial grassland community was carried out in severe degraded grassland using 20 different treatments with six kinds of perennial grasses. The results showed that the communities for Elymus nutans Griseb ＋ Eragrostis cilianensis （ ALL. ） Link, Ely- mus nutans Griseb ＋ Eragrostis cilianensis （ ALL. ） Link ＋ Poa crymophila Keng and Elymus nutans Griseb ＋ Eragrostis cilianensis （ ALL. ） Link ＋ Poa crymophila Keng ＋ Poa pratensis could better adapted to the severe degradation grassland in Qinghai Lake in the second year of planting, ,shether seeing from the overwintering rates, co,~erage and abo,~eground biomass. The results indicate that the rational all^ati^n ~f dif- ferent high and short perennial grasses can effectively optimize the community structure of artificial vegetation, and can keep rapid degradation phenomena with limits due to a single planting. The rational allocation for different perennial grasses in mixture sowing may be the key technolo- gy in restoration by establishing and planting artificial vegetation for severe degraded grassland in the Qinghai Lake region, and it is an important measure to quickly and stably restore severely degraded grassland vegetation.