资源诅咒论与初级产品论的比较及其启示

A Comparative Research Between Resource Curse Thesis and Staple Theory and Its Implications

自然资源在经济发展中究竟起着怎样的作用,资源诅咒论和初级产品论分别给出了不同的回答。根据对19世纪农牧产品出口国的案例研究,初级产品论声称在联系效应带动下资源开发可以帮助国家脱贫致富。资源诅咒论则根据二战结束以来矿产出口国经济数据的计量分析,得出资源丰裕更多的是诅咒而非福音的结论,其核心逻辑是挤出效应。比较研究说明:资源是福还是祸关键要看开发战略是否正确,我国资源富集区应实行资源就地转化战略,以科技创新带动资源型经济转型,并且要通过改革实现对资源价值的完全补偿和资源收益分配的公平合理。

Economists disagreed about the role of natural resources in economic development. Staple theory which originated from husbandry country＇s case study in 19＇h century thought that resources exploitation could help poor countries become rich by ＂linkage effect＂. According to bad economic performances of mineral-based economy since 1945, Resource curse thesis argued that more resources meant curses rather than blessing, whose key logic was ＂crowding out effect＂. It is found that whether resources blessing or curse depended on exploitation strategy; China＇s areas with affluent resources should transform natural resources into others locally and strengthen technical innovation; Central government should make resource values full compensation and revenue distributions just and reasonable by institutional reform.