无锡市吸毒人群艾滋病国家级哨点监测结果分析

Analysis on surveillance data of national HIV / AIDS sentinel points of drug abusers in Wuxi City

目的分析无锡市吸毒人群国家级哨点吸毒者艾滋病哨点监测结果,为在该人群中开展监测和行为干预提供依据。方法采用横断面调查,对2010—2012年新进入戒毒所的1 158名吸毒者进行问卷调查,同时抽取血样进行人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、梅毒和丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)的实验室检测。结果 1 158名吸毒者的HIV感染率为0.35%(4/1 158),梅毒感染率为9.93%(115/1 158),HCV感染率为55.87%(647/1 158)。吸毒者中注射吸毒比例为50.35%(583/1 158),其中有88.34%(515/583)与他人共用针具。共用注射器吸毒者HIV、HCV感染率与其他吸毒者感染率有显著性差异。最近一年有过商业性行为的占28.07%(325/1 158),商业性行为时从未使用安全套的占31.38%(102/325)。结论无锡市吸毒者HIV感染率较低,但梅毒和HCV感染率较高,共用注射器吸毒是HIV和HCV感染的高危因素,不安全的性行为增加了HIV、梅毒等性传播疾病向一般人群传播的机会,应对吸毒人群开展有针对性的干预措施。

[ Objective ] To analyze the surveillance data collected from the national HIV/AIDS sentinel points of drug abusers （DUs} in Wuxi City, provide information for carrying out the surveillance and behavioral intervention among this population. [ Methods] By a cross-sectional survey, 1 158 DUs who entered the drug rehabilitation center between 2010 and 2012 were investi- gated by questionnaires, while their blood samples were collected to test HIV, syphilis and HCV in laboratory. [ Results ] Among 1 158 DUs, the infection rate of HIV, syphilis and HCV was 0.35% （4/1 158）, 9.93% （115/1 158） and 55.87% （647/1 158）, re- spectively. 50.35% （583/1 158 ） of the DUs were injecting drug users, and 88.34% （515/583）of them shared needles with oth- ers. There were significant differences in the infection rates of HIV and HCV between the drug users sharing syringes and other DUs. 28.07% （325/1 158）of the DUs have had commercial sexual behavior in recent a year, and 31.38% （102/325） of them had never used condoms. [ Conclusion] The infection rate of HIV among the DUs in Wuxi City is relatively low, but the infection rates of syphilis and HCV are relatively high. Sharing needles is the high-risk factor of HIV and HCV infection, and unsafe sexual behaviour increases the opportunity that HIV and syphilis spread from the DUs to the general population. It is necessary to take the targeted intervention among DUs.