我国H7N9禽流感疫情不同发展阶段的政府防控措施分析

A study on government control measures of H7N9 avian influenza in different stages of development

以2013年我国H7N9禽流感防控为个案分析对象,依据禽流感发生的数量、传播速度、流行范围和趋势,将禽流感疫情划分为禽类之间扩散的起源阶段、禽类向人类扩散的初期阶段和人际扩散的大规模扩散阶段。剖析我国政府部门在疫情起源、扩散和防治、善后处理等过程中的几个关键环节应急处置问题。针对疫情不同发展形势,采取了疫区强制扑杀家禽、关闭活禽交易市场、提供财政补助、公开疫情信息、推进临床诊断试剂开发和疫苗研制等各种措施,积极应对H7N9禽流感疫情,取得了很好的成效。探索从源头上解决禽流感高发态势的有效措施以及加强政府事前预警,是推动我国家禽养殖业的可持续发展,实现"适度规模、种养结合"的终级目标。

This paper takes H7N9 avian influenza in 201 3 year as a case analysis. Based on the num-ber of occurrence,transmission speed,popular range and trends of avian influenza,the outbreak of avian influ-enza is classified as the original diffusion stage among birds,early diffusion stage from birds to humans,and mass diffusion stage among humans. We further analyze several key issues of emergency response in the proces-ses of epidemic origin,diffusion and prevention,and rehabilitation treatment. According to the different situa-tion of epidemic development,the government must actively take all kinds of measures responsive to H7N9 avi-an influenza in order to achieve good results,such as forcing to cull poultry in the infected areas,closing poul-try market,providing financial assistance,disclosing epidemic information,advancing reagent development and vaccine development of clinical diagnosis,etc. In order to promote the sustainable development of poultry in-dustry in our country and to achieve the ultimate goal of the moderate scale and the combination of planting and breeding,we must explore the effective measures on how to solve the high outbreak of avian influenza and how to strengthen government advance warning.