基于悬铃木叶片重金属累积特性的大气污染分析和评价

Analysis and Assessment of Atmospheric Pollution Based on Accumulation Characterization of Heavy Metals in Platanus acerifolia Leaves

以悬铃木叶片为监测器官,对淮南市6种大气环境20个样区Cd等6种重金属的累积量进行了测量和聚类,并分析了叶片富集重金属的EF值.结果表明,不同样区悬铃木叶片累积的6种重金属含量不同,平均值大小表现为Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cd;环境不同,叶片累积同种重金属的量也存在差异,水泥厂周边环境悬铃木叶片累积的Cd和矿区Cu以及交通主干道大气环境中Cr、Ni、Pb和Zn显著高于其他环境;除风景区、自然村Cr外,其他采样环境中被测重金属EF平均值全部超过1,矿区、电厂、交通主干道及水泥厂周边环境中的6种重金属的EF值全部大于3,淮南市总体大气环境重金属污染为Cd>Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Cr.

The present work was aimed to evaluate the heavy metal pollution in the atmosphere of Huainan City. We measured and clustered the accumulation of six heavy metals in Platanus acerifolia leaves in 20 sampling fields with six types of environmental conditions, and analyzed the EF value of heavy metal enrichment in the leaves. The results showed that the accumulations in Platanus acerifolia leaves varied according to different types of metals, following the order of Zn 〉 Cu 〉 Cr 〉 Ni 〉 Pb 〉 Cd. Environmental conditions als~ had great influence on the accumulation of heavy metals. Cd and Cu were mostly found in cement plant and mine, respectively, and Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn were significant higher in main road, compared with other environmental conditions. The average values of EF for all the metals expect Cr in scenic and village area were over 1. The average values of EF for all the metals in mine, power plant, main road and cement plant were above 3, The overall pollution condition of heavy metals in Huainan City followed the order of Cd〉Cu〉Zn〉Ni〉Pb〉Cr.