磷回收对厌氧/好氧交替式生物滤池蓄磷/除磷的影响

Effect of Phosphorus Recovery on Phosphorous Bioaccumulation /Harvesting in an Alternating Anaerobic /Aerobic Biofilter System

为能提高生物除磷系统的除磷/回收磷效率,研究采用厌氧/好氧交替式生物滤池(AABF)处理低碳磷比废水,观察利用周期性扩增进水碳源进行磷回收时,生物滤池除磷效率及生物膜内微生物特性的变化.通过分析生物滤池除磷效率变化,生物膜多聚物染色、扫描电镜(SEM)观察以及荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术分析生物滤池系统实施周期性磷回收对生物膜内微生物菌群形态与组成的影响.结果发现,生物滤池在先后经历3次生物蓄磷-磷回收(PB-PR)的运行操作过程中,生物滤池除磷效率分别由磷回收前的60.3%、82.9%、86.6%提高到磷回收后的87.2%、91.2%、93.5%;生物滤池生物膜内优势菌群形态逐渐由大球菌演变为小球菌、杆菌与丝状菌;经过连续3个周期的PB-PR操作,生物滤池底部生物膜中聚磷菌所占比例由43%提高至70%;聚磷菌群在生物膜内混合菌群中的比例随着上流式生物滤池高度的增加而不断提高.结果表明,采用周期性的碳源扩增与回收磷的操作,可以提高生物滤池除磷效率;引起生物滤池生物膜内微生物菌群形态与组成发生变化,促进聚磷菌成为优势菌群.

To improve the phosphorus （P） removal/recovery efficiency of a biological P removal system, the study used an alternating anaerobic/aerobic biofilter system to treat synthetic domestic sewage with a low carbon （C） to P ratio. The effects of using periodical carbon source amplification for P recovery on the P removal efficiency and the microbial characteristics within the biofilm were investigated. Intracellular storage polymer dyeing, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） observation and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） methods were employed to characterize the changes of microbial communities in the biofilm during three continuous operation cycles of P bio-accumulating-P recovery （ PB-PR）. The results showed ： through three cycles of operation process of PB-PR, the P removal efficiency of biofiher was increased from 60.3% ,82.9% ,86.6% （before P harvesting） to 87.2% , 91.2% , 93.5% （after P harvesting）, respectively; the dominant microbial community morphotypes within the biofilter transformed from big cocci to small cocci, bacilli and filamentous and the group of phosphate-accumulating organisms （PAOs） got rising predominance, which was increased from 43% to 70% after three times of PB-PR; the proportion of PAOs in the biofilm increased unceasingly with the height of the up-flow biofilter. The results showed that the periodical carbon source amplification could improve the P removal efficiency of the biofilter and helo the PAOs to become the dominant bacteria within the biofilm.