服务贸易对中国服务业就业的影响

The Influence of Service Trade on the Employment of Service Industry in China

利用中国服务业面板数据和固定效应模型,从整体和分行业两个视角分别检验服务贸易影响服务业就业的3种效应,即直接就业效应、效率就业效应和替代就业效应。结果表明:从整体来看,服务进口、出口通过直接就业效应、效率就业效应和替代就业效应均对服务业就业产生显著影响,但影响差异性较大;从分行业来看,服务进出口的直接就业效应、效率就业效应和替代就业效应均存在着显著的行业差异,其中,以效率就业效应的行业差异最为突出。

By using the panel data of China＇s service industry and fixed effects model, and from overall and industrial angles, the paper tests the three effects of service trade on the employ- ment of service industry, namely direct employment effect, efficiency employment effect and alternative employment effect. The results show that in general, import and export of service significantly influence the employment of service industry through the three effects mentioned above, but the effects vary a lot ; From the perspective of industry, the three effects of import and export of service have significant industrial differences, among which the industrial differences of efficiency employment effect is the most outstanding.