教育能缓解农村贫困吗?——基于半参数广义可加模型的实证研究

Can Education Alleviate Rural Poverty? ——An Empirical Research Based on Semi-parametric Generalized Additive Model

从人力资本理论、信号发送理论和亲贫困增长理论出发,构建半参数广义可加模型,研究教育、经济增长和收入不平等对农村贫困的广度、深度和强度所产生的影响。研究结果表明:教育质量对贫困的影响不显著,教育数量显著恶化了贫困状态;经济增长仍然是主要的减贫手段;组内收入不平等能对贫困产生抑制作用,组内和组间收入不平等对贫困发生率的抑制作用都存在一个极值。组间收入不平等对贫困深度和强度的影响具有"门槛效应"。

Based on the human capital theory, signaling theory and the theory of pro - poor growth, the paper studies the impact of education, economic growth and income inequality on the range, depth and intensity of rural poverty by constructing a semi - parametric generalized additive model. The results show that education quality has insignificant impact on rural poverty, but edu- cation quantity deteriorates the state of rural poverty. Economic growth is still the main means of reducing poverty. Income inequality within the group can restrain poverty, but the restrain func- tion of income inequality on poverty rate has an extreme value, whether it comes from the income inequality within the group, or income inequality among groups. The income inequality among groups has ＂threshold effect＂ on the depth and intensity of poverty.