不同基质对小青菜穴盘苗生长和光合特性的影响

Effects on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of greengrocery(Brassica chinensis L.) in plugs under different substrate

为研究不同类型基质对穴盘栽培小青菜幼苗生长和光合特性的影响,选用了两种规格的穴盘和3种类型基质(草炭、珍珠岩及园土),将这3种基质按不同体积比配制成5种混合基质,即草炭(CK)、草炭∶珍珠岩=1∶1(A1)、草炭∶珍珠岩=3∶1(A2)、草炭∶珍珠岩∶园土=1∶1∶1(A3)、草炭∶珍珠岩∶园土=2∶1∶2(A4),从中筛选出适宜小青菜生长的栽培基质。结果表明:对两种规格栽培的小青菜,中容重、有效含水量、全氮、磷、钾含量较高的基质,尤其是A4处理更适合小青菜穴盘幼苗的生长;基质总孔隙度越高,气孔导度越低,小青菜的光合速率和蒸腾速率也越低,A4处理光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度都最大,因此,A4处理基质最有利于小青菜穴盘幼苗生长。

To study the effects on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of greengrocery in plug, two different size plugs and three types of substrate （ peat, perlite and garden soil） were chosed, and the substrates were used to make up five mixed matrixs ： peat （ CK）, peat： perlite = 1 ： 1 （ A1 ）, peat： perlite = 3：1 （A2）, peat： perlite： garden soil = 1： 1：1 （A3）, peat： perlite： garden soil = 2：1：2 （A4）. The suitable cultivation substrate for greengrocery growing was selected by determi- ning growth and effect of photosynthetic characteristics of greengrocery. The results showed that middle bulk density, the higher content of available water and the higher content of TN, TP and TK substrate was more suitable for growth of green- grocery in plug; Total porosity was more high, and the stomatal conductance was lower, which reduced net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of greengrocery and A4 was the most suitable to physiological germination and growth of vegetables seedlings.