反应性壳聚糖季铵盐改性棉织物的无盐染色性能

Salt-free dyeing properties of cotton fabric modified with reactive quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan(NMA-HTCC)

采用低分子质量壳聚糖与2,3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵反应,合成2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵壳聚糖(HTCC),再将HTCC与N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺反应,合成带有反应性基团的水溶性O-甲基丙烯酰胺壳聚糖季铵盐(NMA-HTCC),可直接与棉纤维素形成共价键.基于NMA-HTCC良好的水溶性和反应活性,将其应用于棉织物的改性,探索改性的较佳工艺条件,并研究改性前后棉织物活性染料无盐染色性能.结果表明,NMA-HTCC改性棉织物的优化工艺为:NMA-HTCC 7 g/L,处理温度60℃,处理时间50 min,此时棉织物无盐染色的固色率和K/S值较好;NMA-HTCC有明显的促染作用,既能实现棉织物的无盐染色,又能在不降低水洗牢度和摩擦牢度的前提下改善织物的染色效果.

2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan （HTCC） was synthesized using chitosan with low molecular weight and 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride, then the quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan was reacted with N-（hydroxymethyl）-acrylamide, and the O-methyl acrylamide quaternary am-monium salt of chitosan （reactive quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan NMA-HTCC） with reactive bonds and solubility was synthesized, which could directly form a covalent bond with cotton cellulose. Based on the good water solubility and reactivity, NMA-HTCC was applied to modify cotton fabric, and the optimum conditions of cotton fabric treated with NMA-HTCC were explored and the salt-free reactive dyeing properties of cotton fabric before and after treatment with NMA-HTCC were investigated. The results showed the optimum pro- cess of cotton fabric modified with NMA-HTCC was： NMA-HTCC concentration was 7 g/L, reaction tempera- ture was 60 ℃ and reaction time was 50 min. The modified cotton fabric had better fixation rate and KIS val-ue, and NMA-HTCC had obvious dyeing promotion effect. The cotton fabric modified with NMA-HTCC could realize salt-free reactive dyeing, and the dyeing behaviors of cotton fabric could be improved without reducing the washing fastness and rubbing fastness.