硅肥用量对水稻茎秆抗折力的影响研究

The Effect of Silicon Fertilizer on Flexural Strength of Rice Culm

研究不同硅肥施用量对水稻茎秆抗折力的影响,为水稻生产中合理施用硅肥,提高水稻抗倒伏能力提供重要参考。本研究选用了3个抗倒伏能力有一定差异的品种(组合)为材料,分析了3个水平硅肥施用量对水稻灌浆期的3个基部节间抗折力和整株抗推力的影响。施用硅肥的处理比未施用硅肥的对照处理的茎秆节间抗折力有一定程度的提高,D2处理从总体上增加抗折力的幅度较大,不同的品种抗折力的提高有所不同,其中‘绿优1号’、‘汕优63’在Si 60 kg/hm2处理下茎秆抗折力最大,‘中优838’在Si 30 kg/hm2处理下抗折力最大;而整株抗推力的表现与节间抗折力有一定差异,从分析结果看,在Si30 kg/hm2处理下整株抗推力最大,折合成单茎抗推力也较大,且在3个品种上表现基本一致。一般的中籼水稻品种在生产中可适量施用硅肥来提高水稻的抗倒伏能力,一般施纯Si 30 kg/hm2,施硅量不宜过大,可根据不同的品种作适当调整。

The research about how the different amount of silicon fertilizer affects flexural strength of culm provides important cues for the rational application of fertilizer and improving lodging resistance during the growth stage of rice. In this study, three indica varieties（combinations） with different lodging resistance abilities were used as materials for conducting research on the effect of flexural strength of three basal internode and anti-thrust of whole plant under three levels of silicon fertilizer during grain-filling stage. After appling silicon fertilizer, flexural strength of internode was improved greatly compared with normal control（without silicon fertilizer）. A wider range of increased flexural strength can be observed under D2 treatment. The increased flexural strength of three varieties was also varied. Of which,‘Lvyou1’and‘Shanyou63’ performed best flexural strength under the treatment of 60 kg/hm2silicon fertilizer, while‘Zhongyou838’had the best flexural strength under the treatment of 30 kg/hm2silicon fertilizer. However, to some extent, the performance of anti-thrust of whole plant and the flexural strength is different. The results suggested that the anti-thrust of whole plant performed best under the treatment of 30 kg/hm2silicon fertilizer, and the anti-thrust of single culm also showed high value. Moreover, three varieties displayed consistently. In general, medium-planting indica rice varieties may be appropriate to the application of the silicon fertilizer to improve lodging resistance during the rice production. Generally, 30 kg/hm2pure silicon was applied, and the amount should not be applied too large, appropriate amount could be adjusted according to different varieties.