乌海市引黄滴灌水净化过程中浊度及生物指标变化规律解析

Analysis of Change Rule of Turbidity and Biological Indicator in the Purification Process of Yellow River Drip-irrigation Water in Wuhai City

高含沙水的净化处理问题成为水资源匮乏地区滴灌用水亟待解决的重要问题。为了揭示引黄滴灌水净化过程中浊度及其相关因子的变化规律，进而探求灌区滴灌器滴头堵塞的根本原因，对乌海市两个不同的黄河原水沉淀池及滴灌器出水的浊度、藻类、细菌总数和CODMn进行了取样试验分析。结果表明：平流沉淀池＋网式过滤器对水体中悬浮物浊度有明显净化作用，浊度去除率为76．09％～91.90％；细菌附着生长在泥沙上，随着泥沙的沉降水中细菌总数降低；经过滤器后水中细菌繁殖加快使得细菌总数增加，达到中度堵塞水质；藻类生长繁殖受水中CODMn、高等水生植物及光合作用的影响，在一定条件下CODMn促进叶绿素生长而高等水生植物抑制其生长；泥沙对CODMn没有吸附作用，过滤器对CODMn有一定的过滤作用。

The problem of purification treatment of water with high sand content has become an important problem, which should be solved urgently, for drip irrigation water in water scarcity region. The sample water is picked from two dif{erent sedimentation basin and emitter respectively to analyze the turbidity, algae, total bacterial count and CODMn in order to explore the change rules of tur- bidity and other related factors in the purification process of Yellow River drip irrigation water, then to explore the fundamental rea- son for the blocking of emitter. The result shows that horizontal sedimentation basin with screen filter has obvious purification effect for the suspended solids turbidity, the removal rate of turbidity can reach 76. 09% to 91.90%; the bacterial attaching grows on the sediment and the total bacterial count decreases with the sedimentation of sediment; after passing through the filter, the reproducing of the bacterial gets faster, the total bacterial count increases and the water quality reach middle blocking; the growth and reprodu- cing of the algae are affected by the CODMn, higher aquatie plants and the photosynthesis, CODMn promotes the growth of the chloro phyll, while the higher aquatic plants restrain its growth; the sediment has no adsorption effect to CODMn, while the filter has certain filtration effect to the CODMn.