论大学教师实践性知识的结构与提升途径

Promotion Approach and Structure of Practical Knowledge of University Faculty

实践性知识是反映大学教师教学能力且体现在教师个人的教学实践中、并对其日常行为和教学行为有重要影响的知识,由教学理念、生活态度、反思能力、教学知识等构成,具有内隐性、情境性、即时性、自我建构性等特征,其价值和功能的充分展现与教师个人的知识结构与表现形态、行为和态度的及时改变密切相关。出于积极稳妥地推进教学实践和实现教学价值最大化的意愿,清晰地把握教学情境中的各方面情况并使之相互适应和协调是提升教学水平的必经路径。教师个人要积极开展课堂本位的教学研究,在课堂教学的层面创造性地落实教学目标和培养方案,积极开展行动研究和不间断地进行教学反思,以此提高生活和工作品质。

Teacher＇ s practical knowledge is the key factor that makes curriculum implementation successfully and enhances the intrinsic value of curriculum. Teacher＇ s practical knowledge in curriculum implementation composes of curriculum philosophy, life attitude, reflection ability, curriculum knowledge and so on, which has features such as being implicit, contextual, real-time and self construction. Curriculum research is the main way to form the practical knowledge of teacher. To this end, we must strengthen the daily practice of classroom teaching, carry out personal research, carry out action research actively and uninterrupted teaching reflection.