铝合金板淬火应力与框形零件变形的数值分析

Numerical Simulation of Stress in Quenched Aluminum Alloy Plates and Machining Distortion of Frame Parts

在ABAQUS软件中模拟了2A12铝合金的淬火过程,进行了实际板材淬火和钻孔法应力测量试验,仿真所得板材表面应力值与实际测量结果误差约为10.1％～16.5％,且都具有对称分布的特点,说明通过淬火仿真获得的板材内应力分布与实际淬火相吻合.基于仿真的应力分布进行加工仿真,研究了单框零件相对板厚位置对加工变形的影响,提出了由板材加工框形零件的加工变形控制策略.

A quenching process of 2A12 aluminum plates is simulated by ABAQUS-a powerful FEA program.The residual stress of actual quenched plate is measured by hole-drilling method.The error between the experimental and calculated values is 10.1％～ 16.5％,and the values are characteristic of symmetrical distribution.The results show that the residual stress distribution of the plate by simulation is consistent with the distribution of the actual plate.Based on the distribution,the cutting processes of the single frame parts are simulated.The influence of different relative position in the blank on the machining distortion is investigated.The strategy for controlling the machining distortion of the single frame parts is put forward.