面向车内人体伤害的大客车碰撞仿真与设计改进

Bus Collision Simulation and Design Improvement Based on Human Body Damage Inside

通过对大客车碰撞事故数值重建的方法进行分析,提出车身及车内变形、人体损伤等易于固定的信息可以帮助提高数值重建结果的可靠性。交通事故数值重建的目的不仅在于辅助交通事故鉴定,更深层次的应用在于通过真实的交通事故过程分析,为车辆安全设计提供参考,从主动安全、被动安全两方面减少和降低人体伤害的几率与程度。以公交客车为例,针对紧急制动状态下的二次碰撞问题,建立车辆、典型座椅位置、扶手栏杆和人体三维数值模型,对存在的人体伤害风险进行数值模拟,并对设计改进效果进行对比。

Through analyzing the method of bus collision accident numerical reconstruction to obtain the information of the bus body deformation and human body injury,this is a help to improving the reliability of numerical reconstruction results.The purpose of traffic accident numerical reconstruction is not only to assist accident identification,but also to provide reference for bus safety design through real traffic accident process analysis,in order to reduce the risk of human body injury from two aspects of active and passive safety.The bus is taken as an example to establish three dimensional numerical model of the bus body,typical seat,guardrail and human body.In view of emergency braking condition with secondary collision,human body injury risk numerical simulation is done and the improvement effect of its design is compared.