矢量波像差理论在无遮拦三反光学系统设计中的应用

Design of unobscured three-mirror optical system by applying vector wavefront aberration theory

传统的无遮拦三反射镜光学系统设计是先设计轴对称反射系统,然后通过偏光瞳、偏视场或者两者结合的方法来实现系统无遮拦设计,系统中不可避免地用到了离轴非球面反射镜。以矢量波像差理论的相关结论出发,将反射镜的倾斜作为系统的优化变量,利用轴对称非球面反射镜实现了无遮拦三反射系统的设计。分析了此种系统的设计思路及步骤,设计了焦距为1000mm、视场角为10°×20°、F数为10的三反射镜光学系统,系统结构紧凑,成像质量接近衍射极限。该系统与其他无遮拦三反光学系统相比,最大的优点是系统中的非球面均为轴对称反射面,极大地降低了系统成本。

The traditional unobscured three-mirror optical system is an intrinsically rotationally symmetric optical system with an offset aperture stop, a biased input field, or both of them, so off-axis sections of rotationally symmetric aspheric parent surface are ineluctable. Using the conclusion of vector wavefront aberration theory, a new unobscured three-mirror system by tilted the rotationally symmetric aspheric mirror was presented. The design reason and step of this system was analyzed, and then a system with effective focal length of 1 000 mm, field of view of 10＆#176; ＆#215;20＆#176; and F-number 10 was designed. The volume of system （Length＆#215;Wide＆#215;Height） less than 350 mm＆#215;350 mm＆#215;120 mm and image qualities of the example are near diffraction limit. Compared with other unobscured three-mirror system, the most prominent advantage of this system is that using tilted rotationally symmetric aspheric mirror to achieve unobscured style, thus reducing cost of the system.