论五四前中国女性译者以原文为中心的翻译策略

On Chinese Women Translators' Pioneering Exploration of Source-text Oriented Translation Strategies Before May 4^(th) Era

特定翻译策略的提倡和实践往往体现着不同时代主体文化的诉求。清末启发了中国首次大规模的文学翻译活动,以原文为中心的翻译策略成为主流,虽然是在五四,但在五四之前便有译者尝试。清末中国历史上出现第一批女性译者,她们对直译策略从理论到实践的探索在同时代译者中颇具先锋性,除建构了当时意译风尚之外,以原文为中心的翻译策略还推动了清末至五四翻译策略从以目标语为中心到以原文为中心的嬗变,也见证了中国文化的现代转型。

The advocation and practice of certain translation strategy is often closely related to the cultural purpose of the host culture in the given historical times. In the boom of literary translation in late Qing, there were a few translators who started to apply the source-text oriented translation strategy though it was marginalized until May 4th Era. The first group of women translators in the Chinese history emerged in late Qing and among them appeared the pioneering exploration of the source-text oriented translation strategies. When free translation was widely accepted, such theoretical and practical exploration contribu- ted to the formation of the modern idea that translation should center on the source text and witnessed the transformation of Chinese culture to its modernity.