中国农业现代化发展水平空间分异及类型

The spatial distribution and types of the development level of Chinese agricultural modernization

农业现代化是社会文明进步的重要表征,是中国"四化"同步发展的重要内容。本文从地理学视角,构建指标体系,对中国农业现代化发展水平进行综合评价,并在此基础上进行空间分析及类型研究,探讨中国农业现代化发展的地域分异规律,以期为中国农业现代化的快速稳步推进提供参考。结果表明:①从全国层面来看,中国农业现代化发展水平以"胡焕庸线"为界,划分为"东西两侧",总体上呈现"东高西低"的空间格局,同时其在"东西两侧"整体上也表现出距"胡焕庸线"距离的增加而不断提高,在空间上呈现出一条稍被拉平的"S"型曲线的分异形态;②从局部层面来看,中国农业现代化发展水平在东部、西部、中部以及东北地区具有明显的地域差异性,在空间上呈现出从东部→东北部→中部→西部依次递减的趋势;③中国农业现代化发展水平4个分维度指标在地理空间上也表现出一定的地域分异格局,因此,如何打破农业发展的传统模式与路径依赖,将是各级政府与地理学者应关注的现实难题与科学问题;④中国农业现代化发展水平可划分为5大类型区,不同类型区应明确现阶段及未来的发展思路与策略。

The modernization of agriculture is civilization, and an essential part of China＇s a crucial symbol of the progress of social ＂four modernizations＂ of the simultaneous development. From the geographic perspective, this paper tries to comprehensively evaluate the development level of agricultural modernization in China by building index system with multi-index comprehensive evaluation method and Delphi method. Besides, it uses some spatial analyses and type researches to explore the regional differentiation law about the development of agricultural modernization in China in order to provide reference for its rapid and steady development. The results indicate that： （1） From the national level, Chinese agricultural modernization development level can be categorized into the eastern and western parts according to Hu＇s line, presenting a pattern of ＂high east and low west＂. At the same time, Chinese agricultural modernization development level improves on the whole with the increase of distance from Hu＇s line, presenting a pattern of slightly flattened ＂S＂ curve; （2） From the local perspective, there are obvious regional differences in the development level of agricultural modernization among the eastern, western and central regions and Northeast China, and in space a trend of decrease is found in the development level of agricultural modernization from the east, north-east, center to the west; （3） The four sub-dimensions indicators of the development level of Chinese agricultural modernization in the geographical space also reveal some regional differentiation pattern, and how to break the stereotype and path dependence of agriculture development will become the practical problem and scientific issue for government at all levels and geographers; （4） The development level of Chinese agricultural modernization can be divided into five types of areas and different areas should have clear present and future development ideas and strategies.