历史村镇的旅游商业化控制研究

Study on control of tourism commercialization in historic town and village

在实地调查西递主要街道沿街门面的基础上,通过历时性研究,对比2003年、2008年及2009年的数据,发现西递的旅游商业化已经得到有效的控制。运用质性研究方法,通过对地方政府、村委会(旅游公司)、管理人员、当地村民、店铺业主及游客等的深度访谈,追溯其旅游商业化控制过程中各利益相关者的态度以及博弈过程,总结出历史村镇旅游商业化控制的内在逻辑。最后揭示地方政府预见性的干预是历史村镇旅游商业化得到有效控制的决定性力量。在历史村镇旅游发展的利益相关者中,政府最有能力也最有动力对旅游商业化进行有效的控制。

This paper analyzes the current commercial status quo in the tourist historic village of Xidi in China by using first-hand data. It compares the number and distribution of business in main streets in Xidi historic village among 2002, 2008 and 2009, and finds that Xidi＇s tourism commercialization is well controlled. A comparison with the present use of the historic buildings in the main streets in Xidi, Lijiang and Zhouzhuang also shows that Xidi＇s tourism commercialization is more gentle than that of the other two historic towns. In order to find out the inner logic of tourism commercialization in historic villages, this paper also uses the qualitative method to review the stakeholders＇ attitudes and actions in the process of tourism commercialization in Xidi historic village. It announces that tourism commercialization can be well controlled by government＇s forward-looking interventions, and that the local government plays a critical role in the process of controlling the tourism commercialization. Finally, it indicates that the government has the biggest power and the greatest motivation to control commercialization among all of the stakeholders.