骨盆良性肿瘤201例流行病学分析

An epidemiological analysis of benign pelvic tumors:201 cases report

目的：分析骨盆良性肿瘤的流行病学特征及影像学特点，提高对骨盆良性肿瘤的认识及疾病的诊断水平。方法回顾北京积水潭医院肿瘤科1958年7月至2011年10月收治的201例骨盆良性肿瘤患者资料，记录患者的年龄、性别，分析骨盆肿瘤的好发年龄、性别比例；回顾病理资料，确定肿瘤的病理类型；影像资料由两位高年资骨肿瘤专科医生阅片，确定肿瘤的解剖部位、影像学特点；综合上述资料按性别、年龄、肿瘤类型、发生部位、影像学特点进行统计，分析各骨盆良性肿瘤的流行病学特点。结果男114例，女87例，男∶女为1.31∶1；发病年龄5～72岁，中位年龄28.0岁，平均30.1岁。20岁以下病例58例（28.86%），21～30岁52例（25.87%），31～40岁54例（26.87%），41～50岁21例（10.45%），50岁以上16例（7.96%）。较多见的有骨巨细胞瘤59例，骨软骨瘤53例，单纯性骨囊肿17例，动脉瘤样骨囊肿15例，骨纤维结构不良14例，软骨母细胞瘤13例。髋臼周围为肿瘤好发部位，骨巨细胞瘤及动脉瘤样骨囊肿具有较强侵袭性，易累及多个分区。结论骨盆良性肿瘤好发于40岁以下人群，好发于髋臼周围。综合流行病学情况及影像学研究有利于疾病的早期诊断和鉴别诊断。

Objective To deepen the understanding of benign pelvic tumors and to improve the level of diagnosis through analyzing the epidemiological and radiological features of benign pelvic tumors. Methods The data of 201 patients with benign pelvic tumors who were adopted in our department from July 1958 to October 2011 were reviewed. The age and gender of patients were recorded, and the age group in which pelvic tumors occurred frequently and the sex ratio were analyzed. The pathological data were reviewed to determine the pathological types of tumors. The radiological data were examined by 2 veteran bone tumor specialists to determine the anatomic sites and radiological features of tumors. Based on the data stated above, epidemiological features of all kinds of benign pelvic tumors were analyzed, with statistical analysis of gender, age, tumor types, positions and radiological features. Results There were 114 male patients and 87 female patients, and the ratio of males to females was 1.31：1;Age of onset was 5-72 years old, the median age was 28.0 years old, and the mean age was 30.1 years old. 58 patients were younger than 20 years old （ 28.86%）, 52 patients were of 21-30 years old （ 25.87%）, 54 patients were of 31-40 years old （ 26.87%）, 21 patients were of 41-50 years old （ 10.45%） and 16 patients were older than 50 years old （ 7.96%）. The common tumors were giant cell tumor of bone （ 59 cases ）, osteochondroma （ 53 cases ）, simple bone cyst （ 17 cases ）, aneurysmal bone cyst （ 15 cases ）, osteoifbrous dysplasia （ 14 cases ）, and chondroblastoma （ 13 cases ）. Tumors occurred frequently around the acetabulum. Giant cell tumors of bone and aneurysmal bone cysts were more invasive, and often involving multiple partitions. Conclusions The peak time for the incidence of benign pelvic tumors is younger than 40 years old, and the most frequent location is around the acetabulum. The understanding of the epidemiological and radiological features is helpful for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign pelvic tumors.