市场转型与城市家庭的住房分化——基于CGSS2006数据的分析

Market Transition and Housing Variation in Urban Families——Based on the Data of CGSS2006

随着我国福利化住房政策的解构和市场化住房政策的发展,城镇家庭的住房分化与住房不平等持续扩大。本文基于CGSS2006调查数据,从市场机制、权力机制和地区机制等三类变量对我国城市家庭在住房产权、住房面积、住房价值和住房结构方面的分化与差异展开具体分析。研究发现:市场化改革打破了原有的制度壁垒,使得具有丰富经济资本、人力资本的家庭在住房资源获取上具有更多回报;同时,既存的权力结构与利益格局极大制约了市场化的发展,使得管理精英而非政治精英在"路径依赖"中延续了原有体制的住房优势地位;而且,市场化程度越高的地区,城市家庭之间的住房分化越显著。

Based on the data of CGSS2006, our analyses focus on their differentiation in housing property, housing area, housing values and housing structure from market, power and regional factors. Firstly, the development of market-oriented housing policy has greatly improved the housing conditions of urban families those with extensive economic capital and human capital. Secondly, the management elite, not the political elite, still take advantage in obtaining houses in market transition, while the housing of ordinal employee families are inadequate. Thirdly, in the regions with more developed market economy, the accesses to housing resources are more difficult, the housing variation is also more significant.