外源DNA导入普通小麦雄性不育变异体的花粉母细胞减数分裂观察

MEIOSIS OBSERVATION OF THE STERILE MUTANT AFTER INJECTION OF EXOGENOUS DNA INTO WHEAT

将外源λDNA导入受体普通小麦品系 81 45 2 7,获得一雄性不育变异体。对该不育变异体和受体花粉母细胞减数分裂过程进行观察。结果发现 ,不育变异体花粉母细胞染色体异常比率达到 1 8% ,而受体花粉母细胞染色体异常比例为 0 8% ,二者存在明显差异。染色体异常类型主要有单价体、染色体落后、染色体断片、染色体桥、微核及二分体、四分体异常等。染色体异常可能是外源DNA导入受体后 ,整合进受体染色体中的DNA片段影响其正常的遗传过程而造成的。花粉母细胞减数分裂过程染色体异常可以引起部分花粉败育 。

A male sterile mutant was obtained after injection of exogenous λ DNA into wheat line 814527. Meiosis of pollen mother cells(PMC) of the mutant and its receptor(line 814527) were observed. The results showed that the frequency of chromosomal variation of the sterile line was 18%,and that of the receptor was 0 8%. The main types of variation included univalent, chromosome lagging, chromosome fragment, chromosome bridge, micronucleus, abnormal ditrad and tetrad. The fragment of DNA injected into the receptor may influence the normal genetic process of chromosomes in pollen mother cells, and this may cause variations of chromosomes. The chromosome variation in meiosis may cause a part of pollen mother cells to abort, but it is not the main cause of abortion.