乌蒙山区超高产玉米不同群体的小气候特征与增产潜力研究

Study on Microclimatic Characters and Yield Increase Potential of Different Populations of Ultra High-yielding Maize in Wumeng Mountain Area

在黔西乌蒙山区 ,通过对玉米不同发育期的田间小气候和生长动态的平行观测 ,探索当地玉米超高产栽培的田间小气候特征与产量的关系。结果表明 ,供试品种中 ,以 36 38的 4 90 0株 /(6 6 7m2 ) ,毕单 4号的 4 10 0株 / (6 6 7m2 ) ,表现最好 ,田间光、热、水、风及其通量最有利于产量的形成 ,实际产量最高达 6 31.6～ 72 5.6kg/ (6 6 7m2 )。但根据乌蒙山区当年的气候资源估算 ,生产潜力可达1182～ 12 4 4kg/ (6 6 7m2 ) ,增产潜力还非常大。

In Wument mountain area of west Guizhou, under the conditions of using different varieties and plant densities with advanced cropping system and ultra high yielding technology, which are suitable for the relay cropping in certain width, the relationship between microclimatic characters in fields of ultra high yielding maize and its output is studied by parallel observing the growing status of maize plants and the microclimates index in the fields. The results showed that 4900 plants/667m 2 for variety 3638 and 4100 plants/667m 2 for variety Bidan 4 are rather good among all the tested varieties, their highest grain yield amounted to 631.6～728.6kg/667m 2 under this conditions, the turbulence flux of light, heat, water and wind in field is of the most advantage to achieve high yields.According to the calculation of climate resource this year, the grain yield of 1182~1244kg/667m 2 will be reached so the potential of increase of grain output is still very great.