中世纪医学教育与经院哲学——兼论医学生人文精神培育的内涵

Medical Education in the Middle Ages and Scholasticism:The Connotation of Humanistic Spirit in Medical Students

中世纪正规医学教育的诞生与经院哲学的发展有着十分紧密的联系,它们两者共同受惠于东西方文化的交融,经院哲学重视理性思维,重视人的身体的理论取向对医学教育的发展起到了积极的推动作用,大学体制和"经院主义方法"也促进了大学医学教育的发展。回顾这一史实可以深刻认识到,兼容并包的学术态度,缜密的逻辑思维方法,对生命意义的尊重,博雅的素质修养,理论与实际相联系的能力,应成为当今医学生人文素质教育所追求的基本目标。

The birth of classic medical education in the middle ages is closely associated with the development of scholasticism, both of which benefit from a blend of eastern and western cultures. It is the theoretical orientation of scholasticism that a human body and his/her rational thinking should be always emphasized. This, together with the university system and the scholasticism methodologies, facilitates the development medical education in universities. By recognizing these facts we believe that a teaching attitude of inclusiveness, a logical thinking, the respect of life and the ability of integrating theory with practice should be targeted as the essential goals of humanistic education in medical students.