广西河池地区毛南族7～15岁正常儿童青少年跟骨超声骨密度及其影响因素

Normal calcaneus bone mineral density in children and adolescents aged from 7 to 15 years in Maonan nationality in Hechi and its correlation factors

目的：了解毛南族学生超声骨密度的变化规律及其影响因素。方法：按年龄进行分组，以1岁作为1个年龄段。采用定量超声技术（QUS）测定长居广西河池市环江县下南乡和水源镇的978名（男496，女482）7～15岁正常儿童的跟骨QUS参数超声振幅衰减系数（BUA），同时测量受检者身高和体质量。结果：7～15岁毛南族男、女学生BUA值随年龄的增长而增加。同性别相邻的2个年龄组间差异无统计学意义，男、女9岁同年龄组BUA差异有统计学意义。7～15岁男、女生BUA与年龄、身高、体质量均呈正相关，年龄、身高、体质量是超声骨密度参数的主要决定因素。结论：年龄、身高、体质量是影响儿童青少年骨密度的重要因素；本研究获得毛南族学生定量超声BUA正常参考值，为毛南族儿童少年骨质疏松症诊疗提供依据，为指导和改善毛南族学生钙营养提供依据。

Objective： To understand the change pattern of the calcaneal broadband ultrasound attenuation （BUA） in normal Maonan population aged from 7 to 15 years and its correlation factors. Methods： A total of 978 healthy Maonan children （496 males and 482 females） aged from 7 to 15 years from 4 primary schools in Huanjiang and Shuiyuan of Hechi city were submitted to measure the calcaneal BUA by using osteospace dry ultrasound bone densitometer. And then, the calcaneal BUA was analyzed statistically to explore the correlation with the height, weight and body mass according to age and gender. Results： The BUA values in Maonan children were increased with age. And, there were no significant differences in BUA between the same gender consecutive age groups and these values were found with a significant difference between gender age 9 years. There was a positive correlation between BUA of 7-15 years old children of Maonan nationality and age, height, weight; The age, height and weight were major determinant for bone mineral density. Conclusion： This finding provides a normal reference to evaluate the bone strength in children and adolescents of Maonan nationality, which is correlated to age, height and weight. Additionally, this reference offers a basis for diagnosing osteoporosis.